Comparative analysis of Marketing Communications strategies and mix Essay - 2

Relative investigation of Marketing Communications methodologies and blend for the style showcase in the UK - Essay Example In the 21st century association in the clothing industry face another reality because of the beginning of the intermingling age which makes new difficulties for organizations in regards to their showcasing and correspondence blend of items or administrations. This report contemplates the attire and design industry in Europe by breaking down three firms: Zara, French Connection and H&M. The report is separated into four significant portions: investigate techniques, advertise diagram, examination and conversation, and proposals and end. The investigation of the impacts of advertising directs in the attire business in the United Kingdom uses optional get from an assortment of sources. The data utilized in this report was gathered from sources, for example, scholarly databases, corporate sites, yearly reports, diary articles, course books and other online sources. Auxiliary research is the use of data that as of now exists, for example, a diary article which was crated by another writer (Asiamarketresearch, 2007). In the examination and conversation meeting of the report it suggests different answers for the organizations focused in the report on how essential research can be used by the organization leaders all together get certain information to improve their activities. One specific research strategy that the essayist of this paper intended to execute, however couldn't play out the essential research because of time imperatives was a client poll. The thought was to go through three hours with a group of four indivi duals inside a hundred feet separation of an area of every one of the three stores considered (Fcuk, H&M and Zara) to gather information from the customer’s of these stores utilizing a short mysterious poll. The survey would incorporate 10 inquiries and the base assortment important to accomplish a delegate test was 25 polls. Informative supplement A represents a case of a survey that could be used to gather information from clients in regards to advertising

American Bureaucracy

Organization is a type of organization wherein the administration is isolated into authorities or various offices which are going by non-chose authorities. This organization is portrayed by an exceptionally hierarchal circulation of power among the workplaces and is guided by unbendingly fixed methodology and rules.Max Weber recorded qualities of present day organizations: (1) the elements of the bodies are inflexibly fixed by laws; (2) hierarchal and incorporated into a levels of leadership; (3) authoritative arrangements are appropriately archived; (4) administrations require apprenticeship; (5) capacities involve full commitment to office; and (6) access to this framework is likewise an entrance to innovation, law business science and managerial science.The improvement of the American Bureaucracy is a final product of the division of classes into social orders, wherein in the capacity serves to make sure about the acknowledgment of such requests. Therefore, as indicated by Lefort, administration is typically seen as administration of a prevailing class inside a particular structure to guarantee safeguarding of status for most for the predominant class. In addition, American organization supposedly has a few negative ramifications on its administration structure. Residents are frequently worried on the way at which standards are being connected to certain issues.It is contended that at most occasions, individuals face the up and coming threat of being set at a stand wherein the open great is dismissed because of contentions from rival parties, and that when the standard of equity and privileges of minor gathering have become overwhelmed by the power of intrigued and domineering greater part (Madison, 1787). Along these lines, it is regularly said that American organization has energized the parting of organization into groups, which thusly is an impact of shakiness and shameful acts inside the system.These treacheries are brought by the government’s co mpelling effect on making judgment towards property estimations, which everywhere contrast dependent on the social class †wherein the disparity to procure property is conceivable to liken dependent on social standing (Madison, 1787). Thusly, the way of portrayal in the republic is likewise being referred to. The procedure at which an agent or delegates are chosen depends on a specific constrained number.Hence it will follow that proportionality of the appointment of officials for certain republic may render them the more prominent or lesser likelihood of portrayal for the liberation of the republic that they speak to (Madison, 1787). Then again, there are likewise positive perspectives ascribed in the foundation of American organization. The foundation of administration in US has pushed separate offices to get autonomous and to act as indicated by their own will.This will likewise follow that the individuals from this division will build up their own feeling of power and duty o ver their zones. In any case, regardless, the possibility of freedom for the built up offices has stayed false up until now. The autonomy they gangs is just negligible and ostensible, in light of the fact that the arrangements that are occurring inside the framework and the procedure by which requests are done, come carefully from the unbending nature of requests from higher authorities.Another thing, this sort of framework is exceptionally helpless to predispositions and organization defilement, since the arrangements made are conveyed by higher authorities and subsequently the attempts to be done ought to should be routed to the position who presented it to them (Madison 1788). In spite of the fact that the conveyance of intensity among these offices is done so that every office fills in as checks and parity for different offices, it despite everything happens that this dispersion of power, rather than being cautious to the enthusiasm of people in general, has rather turned into a concealment for private interest.And this talk of division of forces which intends to circulate controls similarly among various offices couldn’t be in any capacity conceivable on the grounds that it is helpful and not balanced to make an equivalent dissemination of capacity to protect every one of their own specializations. In any case, the constitution for the American organization claims two particular duties that render this sort of organization judicious and valuable to the general public. To begin with, rather than administration, a solitary republic owes centralization of forces towards one element, which will fill in as the solitary protection from against power abuse.On the other hand, in a bureaucratic express, the force is isolated between two bodies, accordingly making a twofold protection from usurpation of forces by authorities. Second, this division makes the interests of the republic progressively monitored so that the main division watches the general public against mistreatment that might be brought about by the other division. Accordingly, the two separate branches of the administration fill in as checks and harmony between them (Madison 1788). Along these lines, administration doesn't really involve impact on political and financial regime.Neither that its association has connection to control, rather, organization directs itself by parting its forces into difference (Lefort, 2007) Moreover, the present pattern of American organization is being placed into test. The association of new offices has sprung from the present US government organization, all outfitted towards expanding their security, customs, movement and crisis the board. As indicated by reports, this redesign in the US government will turn into the most goal-oriented US rearrangement since 1947.The arrangement of the new Department of Homeland Security will in a perfect world and naturally become the watchman of Americans against fear based oppressor assaults, migration backers, and business lobbyists. Nonetheless, this will likewise post an extraordinary test on adapting from the progressions that it will permit. The issue will be established on the problem of adjusting old and new conventions so that this won't upset the capacities that it is should serve for the administration and the general public (Alden, 2002).Bureaucracy has filled its need in the American government. In spite of the fact that it shifts generally between the positive and the negative criticisms that it has experienced over its training, organization has for sure become a foundation in the American government organization. Further, it has its procedure intently attached to the procedure of industrialist defense. It frames a sort of social association and sets up social layers and directs a relationship among its individuals. References Alden, Edward. (22 November 2002) A Battle of American Bureaucracy.Financial Times. Recovered November 15, 2007, from http://www. globalsecur ity. organization/organization/news/2002/021122-secure01. htm Lefort, Claude. What is Bureaucracy? Recovered November 15, 2007, from http://www. age on the web. organization/h/fplefort. htm Madison, James. (1787 November 22) The Utility of the Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection. Every day Advertiser. Madison, James. (1788 February 6) The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments. Autonomous Journal.

Comparison Between the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis Essay

Correlation Between the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis - Essay Example The King lived roughly somewhere in the range of 2750 and 2500 BCE. The main portion of the story centers around the companionship between Gilgamesh-lord of Uruk and Enkidu. From the Epic, Enkidu is a wild man made by the divine beings as Gilgamesh’s companion to soothe him from mistreatment brought about by the individuals of Uruk. In a joint crucial, two noble men started an excursion to the Cedar Mountain where they vanquished Humbaba. Humbaba was the massive gatekeeper to the Cedar Mountain. This triumph required a festival and they executed the Bull of Heaven for the festival. Be that as it may, this turned out poorly with goddess Ishtar who condemned Enkidu to death as a discipline for the activities. The second of half of the Epic features how Gilgamesh was upset at the passing of Enkidu and this came about to him taking a long and hazardous excursion to find the mystery of endless life. He later discovered that you can't get all that you are searching for throughout ev eryday life. He endless supply of man, the divine beings let demise be his offer and henceforth life retained in their own hands. In any case, it is important that Gilgamesh popularity endure the demise of Enkidu in light of his record of Siduri’s guidance, his extraordinary structure ventures and what he was told about the incredible flood. Beginning Genesis is a Greek word that implies â€Å"origin† or â€Å"birth†. It is the main book of the Torah or Pentateuch. Beginning is likewise the main book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. Torah is a Hebrew word for â€Å"instructions† while Pentateuch is a Greek word for â€Å"five scrolls†. With respect to custom, the Torah was committed to Moses by god. Notwithstanding, a few researchers are of the conclusion that Torah was made from four unique sources between 950 BCE and 500 BCE, which were later combined around 450 BCE. The book of beginning is organized around ten toledot segmen ts; in any case, present day analysts see it regarding a primitive history. The book of Genesis is a case of â€Å"antiquarian history†. That is, a kind of writing recounting the main appearance of people, the birthplaces of culture, the narratives of predecessors, urban communities and saints. Likenesses There are a few similitudes between the epic of Gilgamesh and the book of beginning. One of the likenesses lies on the flood account. The main purpose of similitudes was the way that God picked an honest man to manufacture an ark as a result of an approaching incredible flood. In the two cases, creatures of different types were to be on the ark and winged creatures were utilized after the downpours to decide whether floods waters had sponsored. After the downpours stop halted, the two arks chose mountain whereby Noah’s Ark and Utnapishtim’s on Ararat and Nisir individually. It is significant that these mountains were not a long way from one another and penances took the middle stage after the flood. Aside from the floods, there was additionally the similitude as far as the topics. Aside from the subject of temptation and human advancement as uncovered by Eve and Shamhat; the topic of affection and fellowship and God’s picked individuals likewise stuck out. Topics Love and fellowship The more prominent understanding and incredible love that rose among Enkindu and the King; makes King Gilgamesh a superior head to the individuals of Uruk permitting him to all the more likely comprehend and relate to them. The epic of Gilgamesh may do not have a female love intrigue, yet the disclosure of suggestive love assumes a fundamental job. Love and fellowship in the epic isn't viewed as a piece of life, yet in addition as an imperative piece of the sonnet to

The History of Computing :: Free Essay Writer

The History of Computing The Computer - Man’s Greatest Achievment PCs are to be sure moving toward the status of the center administrator of each electronic gadget or utility on the planet today. Their â€Å"logic† and procedure can deliver results a large number of times quicker than that of the human mind. They are in charge of everything from an old walk man to the frameworks that keep the Earth’s mainlands in steady interchanges. They’ll likely before long be the premise of interchanges between different developments in space. At the point when the PC was first presented, it was basically a gadget of comfort for utilization of the majority or immense partnerships and colleges. The amazing machines have now become such a great amount since their presentation, that the World’s economy urgently relies upon them to work. However, PCs have not generally been so illustrious. The principal machine to be delegated a PC utilized no hardware of any sort, yet was steady completely of riggings and poles that made straightforward estimations in science. As PCs advanced in intricacy and turned out to be progressively present day, society used them in about all waies imaginable. They presently are fused into each part of human life, particularly for amusement and general home use. It stays second in unpredictability just to that of the human mind. But then it they despite everything progress towards flawlessness. What is currently present day processing starts (pretty much) in the late 1700’s with the introduction of computing’s calculated dad, Charles Babbage. He was conceived in London on December 26, 1791, the day after Christmas. He exceeded expectations in the territory of science (variable based math generally), going about as his own educator. He wound up to have been far in scholarly development of his companions and â€Å"mentors†. After going to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1811, he despite everything stayed at amazing prevalence over his guides. In the wake of establishing a few social orders (for example Investigative Society, Astronomical Society or Royal Astronomical Society), he got inspired by numerical computation machines. This at last turned into his life intrigue. He sought after the development of a machine that could assemble scientific tables. This offered route to the structure of the â€Å"Difference Engine†. It performed to some degree co mplex numerical assignments utilizing apparatuses and belts, not exactly the equipment coordinated in todays machines. He inevitably imagined the plan of a â€Å"Analytical Engine† that would have the option to make for all intents and purposes any computation (in any event those considered in the timeframe) provided the best possible orders and guidelines.

Things Fall Apart Is Story Depicting - Free Essay Example

Things Fall Apart is story depicting how colonization changed the culture of Igbo villages in the early 19th century through the protagonist, Okonkwo. Although Okonkwos father was a pauper, Okonkwo was a respected leader of the Umuofia clan, after he defeated Amalinze the Cat in a wrestling contest. To overcome his fathers bleak legacy, Okonkwo made sure he maintained the faade of a manly, respectable man. Over some years, the clan leaders make Okonkwo care for a war prisoner, until they decide what to do with him. Ikemefuna, the war prisoner, becomes more like a son than Okonkwos actual son, because Ikemefuna was manly like Okonkwo. The clan decided to have Okonkwo kill Ikemefuna. While Okonkwo did not want to kill Ikemefuna, his struggle to maintain respect in his clan caused him to kill Ikemefuna. His son, Nwoye, could never forgive Okonkwo for killing Ikemefuna for no other reason besides to follow the orders of the clansmen. Afterwards, Okonkwo visits his friend Obierika in the next village. He talks to Obierika about how he has sinned for beating his wife during the Feast of the New Yams and killing Ikemefuna. After speaking about his troubles, Okonkwo seemed to be better-off going back to his village. Until Okonkwo finds out that his favorite daughter, Ezinma, is dying. The ancestors for the clan take Ezinma into a cave to get rid of her sickness. During the same time, Okonwos friend, Ezeudu dies. At the funeral for Ezeudu, Okonkwo accidentally fires his gun and shoots Ezeudu son. The clan members exile his family for seven years for his misjudgment. During the exile, Okonkwo has to start over in a new village with little to no money. The family deals with low yields of crops and no position in the new village. Due to the in-climate weather, Okonkwo had to become resourceful in the tools to grow his crops and which crops to grow. His entire family blamed him for their misfortune and kept in tune with the Umuofia clan. In the Umuofia clan, the people were beginning to notice European exploration of their land. European men casually came into the village simply for tourism and learning the customs in the beginning. However, the villagers slaughtered the Europeans based on the ancestors belief that the Europeans were bad for the village.   The missionaries came to Mbantu, the place Okonkwo is exiled to, and begins to spread Christianity to the villages. One of the new converts is Nwoye, Okonkwos son. Okonkwo disowns Nwoye for converting to the white mans culture and religious practices. Once Okonkwo returned back to Umuofia, he did not recognize the village anymore. The people were leaving their religious practices behind and converting to Christianity. The white men became the leaders of the village. The villagers would be put into a prison for disobeying the laws established by the white men. Several men fought back by burning the missionary churches and killing the European leaders. The villagers had a meeting about the men burning the church and killing the Europeans the next day. Okonkwo thought the clansmen would fall to the hands of the Europeans, so he decided to commit suicide to escape colonization. Setting and Igbo Culture   The changes from daylight to nighttime and one village to another help the reader recognize a shift in a characters mentality throughout the novel. For instance, Okonkwo did not understand how his fear ruled his life, until he was banished to the neighboring village. The change in settings also reflecting a shift in the spirit of the village. The Igbo villagers believed in spirits and ancestor worship. The clansmen looked to the ancestors to deal with issues, such as droughts and wars between villages. The colonization in the Igbo villages caused the indigenous people to lose their religious and cultural practices over time. The villagers saw the missionaries as another facet of their religious practices, but the missionaries took the empathy of the villagers as a method of taking over the village. Also, Okonkwos misunderstanding Nwoyes compassion for femininity caused a rift in their relationship. Okonkwo was considered manly, since he provided for his family, did hard work, and could fight other men. On the other hand, Nwoye was sensitive and was found of the arts. The Igbo culture did not see sensitive as an attribute a man should exhibit, so Okonkwo tried to make Nwoye change his ways. Conflict The conflict stems from the Igbo villagers being open to different cultures. The European missionaries were able to slowly take away the Igbo culture from the villagers, because they did not stand firm on their religious practices. The white man represents the African religious practices governing over the Igbo villagers. Since the Igbo people are spiritual, they believed the missionaries were there to help them. The villagers did not recognize that the missionaries were there to take away their land until it was too late. For Okonkwo, the white man represents the lack of control over his life. He has to listen to the rule of white men not of his culture. Also, the white man represents the end of Igbo culture in Nigeria through beatings, imprisonment, and colonization. African Culture The Africans use spirits and saying to guide them through life. They see everything as a message either from God or the ancestors. To me, the Africans live by a moral code and karma more than a religious text. The villagers take life a step at a time and listen to the elders for wisdom. This book refutes the fight of African people in colonization. Africans did not let the Europeans take over their land easily. The people were manipulated by the missionary work, the presence of Christianity, and their ignorance to European governments. Similarly, the Europeans had more weaponry to take over the land than the Igbo villagers. The villagers lived simple lives and had small wars with neighboring clans over land. They were not equipped to fight European military powers. Book Relates to African Culture In most novels about African people, they are depicted as heartless barbarians. This novel shows how the Africans compassion and faith in the goodness of people made it easy for the Europeans to take over the land. I love this novel as a whole. I have read the novel several times and each time I gain a newfound respect for the African people. Although they were gullible in many ways, the morals of the African people shone through the words. Achebes use of Okonkwo to tell the story of how African villages were colonized was brilliant in my eyes. He showed all facets of each character, so the only villain is the white man. The change in settings from one village to the next shows how colonization affected everyone in Africa. I would love to read more books where Africans are shown as the victims of oppression instead of the Darwins survival of the fittest narrative. Conclusion This novel shows a parallel between how the culture of Africans help and hinder their progression in a modern world. The book shows how the Africans forgiving nature aided the colonizers ability to take over villagers. Although through history, the culture of Africans has helped them regain control over their land in Africa and build countries. Likewise, the book shows the leadership difference between Europeans and African villages. The contrast still exists today. Some African countries still incorporate religious aspects into their government, while European-based countries separate religion and politics. Other articles and books generalize African countries as models of European countries, but some maintain their African culture. Achebe shows how the Africans were stripped of their culture during colonization and their fight to maintain their culture in the book. While many sources say, Africans became civilized once they assimilated to western ideals. The book related to my belief that Africans were the victims of European intervention. When Europeans build governments, they establish a military before anything else, while Africans build government and help their constituents first. The difference in cultural practices was the downfall of the Africans, because they assumed the Europeans had a similar culture. However, I did not realize the significance of the African traditional religion in African society until I read this novel. The religion is incorporated into every part of the African peoples lives.

BHS 220 Module 5 Discussion Correlation and Causation - 275 Words

BHS 220 Module 5 Discussion: Correlation and Causation (Essay Sample) Content: BHS 220 Module 5 Discussion: Correlation and CausationNameCourseInstructorDate Variables can be categorical (nominal), ordinal or interval. Categorical intervals may have two categories or more, but there is ordering. Ordinal variable are like categorical variable, but there is ordering unlike the categorical variables. An interval variable is similar to the ordinal variable, and there are equal intervals. The nature of independent variables should be well understood as this helps to identify the best statistical analysis to use (UCLA, n.d.)In Chi-square tests, the nature of dependent variables is typically categorical data, with one dependent variable, since it is the outcome variable. Since the test focuses on two categorical variables, the test helps to determine where any association exists between the two variables. In order to get more robust results, the test procedure focuses on studies which rely on simple random sampling. Kim et al (2009) conducted a study to identify prenatal smoking trends between Alaska Native and white women, focusing on both smokeless tobacco and cigarette smoking. The researchers relied on the chi-square test to determine prevalence of tobacco use between the two groups, with data collected covering 1996- 2003. For the one sample t-test, the nature of dependent variables is interval and normal variables, with the outcome variable being one. This test focuses on assessing whether samples come from a population, where there is a specified mean. Even though, the researcher may to be aware about the population mean, there can be a hypothesized mean (Peat Barton, 2008). Similarly, in the paired t-test, the nature of dependent variables is both interval and normal variables. The paired t- test is conducted when there are two related observations, and there is a need to know whether the two means of the variables are different from one another (Peat Barton, 2008). The test is typically conducted when there are two c ontinuous variables which are relate...

Theme Of The Tornado Child - 1090 Words

â€Å"Wickedness†: Examining the Theme of Darkness in Kwame Dawes â€Å"The Tornado Child†, Gwendolyn Brooks â€Å"We Real Cool,† and Ai â€Å"The Kid† American author and poet, Kwame Dawes, in his poem Tornado Child (which was written during the Harlem Renaissance for Rosalie Richardson) writes about the life of an African-American woman (Richardson) who often had to deal with racism and oppression. Gwendolyn Brooks, American writer and poet, wrote the poem â€Å"We Real Cool† (during the 1960’s assassination of the United States President John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr., Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam war and Civil Rights Protest). In this poem, narrator Brooks is setting one of the most dominant attitudes, because she senses a lack of hope in the†¦show more content†¦In Dawes poem â€Å"Tornado Child,† wickedness is examined through freedom. There is an implication of racism based of the first few lines of the poe m. By the end of the first stanza racism is the direct subject. In the first stanza of the poem, Dawes states, â€Å"I am a tornado child. I come like a swirl of black and darken up your day; I whip it all into my womb, lift you and your things, carry you to where youve never been, and maybe, if I feel good, I might bring you back, all warm and scared†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Lines 1-5). The speaker of this poem shows the deficiency of instability in Rosalie’s life. According to Dawes in the first stanza, â€Å"heart humming wild like a bird after early sudden flight†¦ â€Å"(Line 6). The speaker also shows an expression that equates darker language showcasing a deficiency of predictability. Eventually the speaker acknowledges that he needed to take a different approach on telling Rosalie Richardson life story by stating, â€Å"I am a tornado child. I tremble at the elements. When thunder rolls my womb trembles, remembering the tweak of contractions that tightened to a wail when my mother pushed me out into the black of a tornado night†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Lines 7-11). 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Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedascity Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2069 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? This study investigates the effect of exchange rate volatility on the stock market in Malaysia, and also determined whether other macroeconomic variables have an effect on stock market volatility. In this study, the Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedascity (EGARCH) model which is created by Nelson (1991) was used to measure the volatility of exchange rate and volatility of stock market. EGARCH model is an extension of widely used model, GARCH. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedascity Finance Essay" essay for you Create order It used monthly time series data for 3 years period between January 2009 until December 2011. The result of this research found that, exchange rate volatility have negatively relationship with stock market returns where, in the long-run, depreciation in currency value will cause an in increase in stock market return. While in the short-run, depreciation in currency value will reduces stock market returns. This study also reveals that, other macroeconomic variables such as interest rate, and inflation also affect stock market volatility. 1.0 Introduction Stock market is the main institution in every country around the world because from the position of the stock market itself, people can measure the efficiency and the effectiveness of the economy in that country. Macroeconomic variables for example, exchange rate, interest rate, inflation rate, capital investment, money supply, and industrial production have been steadily rising due to combination of internal and external factors. Growing inflation will lead pressurize interest rates to rise higher, and this kind of situation may result in investors moving from the equities market to the bonds market to get higher return (CMA,2011). Interest rate, inflation and exchange rate are the most important determinant of countrys relative level of economic performances. Any changes in these factors will give big consequences in economic performances whether in short-run or long-run. Exchange rates play a vital role and it become one of the important economic factor that affect the common stock market (Hyde,2007,Vazz et.al.,2008). Besides that, any change in exchange rates might affect business field. It may causes an increases or decreases in price of product sold abroad and price of imported raw materials also may change. This will lead to the changes in price of competitors product in home market and indirectly, this will affect stock market return. Firms profitability, price stability, and countrys stability also will be affected because of exchange rate volatility since exchange rate volatility have real economic cost (Benita,Lauterbach,2004). Theoretically, the relationship between exchange rate and stock market can be proved positively, negatively, or either a weak or no relation at all. In a positive way, currency depreciation will makes the local firm more competitive which leading to an increase in exportation as a result while in a negative way, if a production is dependent on imported product, cost of production will increase as a result of currency depreciation, thus reduce profitability and this condition lead to a decline in stock returns. Whereas, there is a weak or no relation between exchange rate and stock market if an export oriented firms prices rises with currency depreciation since input cost is also affected by this currency depreciation than the effect would be nullified to some extent because of increases in cost of production. Many researchers have noted that stock market volatility changes over time and these changes is relate to the changes in macroeconomic variables (Officer, 1973). Other macroeconomic variables also can influences investors decision whether to make an investment or not and indirectly, this will affect stock market return whether in the short-run or in the long-run. Arbitrage Pricing Theory (ATP) , developed by Ross (1976), Chen et al (1986) is an example of study about how to capture the effect of economic forces on stock returns in different countries. This study used some macroeconomic variables to explain the stock returns in US stock markets. The authors found that changes in risk premiums, changes in terms structure, and industrial production are positively related to the expected stock return while, both anticipated and unanticipated inflation rates were negatively related to the stock returns. The paper begins with a general introduction about the exchange rate and stock returns and also a little bit about macroeconomic variables. Section two focuses more on the literature review while Section 3 explain about data and methodology used in this study. The last section present the findings and conclusion. Problem statement Stock return volatility has become the important thing that has been given full attention in the financial sector around the world. This is because, fluctuation in macroeconomic variables will give big impact on stock return volatility, thus will affect economy stability. Poon and Tong (2010), stated that high volatility of stock return is attributable to high risk, and since most investors are risk averse, they will stay away from the market due to the uncertainty in expected returns. High market volatility will also increase unfavorable market risk premium. So, it is difficult for policy maker to reduce the stock market volatility and finally enhance economy stability. There is need to determine factors affecting stock market volatility with some evidence from past researchers indicates that exchange rate fluctuations give a big impact on stock return volatility while some others contradicting. Objectives This study is to determine the following : Whether the exchange rate volatility give an impact on Malaysia stock market volatility, If other macroeconomic variables have effect on stock market volatility in Malaysia. LITERATURE REVIEW Relationship between Exchange Rate Volatility and Stock Market Volatility There are two main theories that relate the interaction between exchange rate and stock market. First, the flow-approach models (Dornbusch and Fischer,1980 and Gavin, 1989) and the other one is stock-approach models (Branson, 1983 and Frankel,1983). Flow-approach models state that the exchange rate is mainly determined by trade flows of an economy. The models point out that, any changes in exchange rate will affect trade balance and this will give impact on the real macroeconomic variables and indirectly, it will affect stock prices. Any changes in stock price on the stock market also will affect aggregate demand through wealth, liquidity effects and exchange rate. Generally, we can say that, the reduction in stock prices will reduces wealth of local investors and further reduces the liquidity in the economy. The reduction in liquidity will lead to the reducing in interest rates which in turn induce capital outflows and in turn will causes currency appreciation. On the other side, wh en currency depreciation occurs, this condition will make local investors become more competitive, and leading to an increase in their exports and indirectly will raises stock prices. Consequently, the flow-approach model suggests a positive relationship between exchange rates and stock prices, thus will result in stock market volatility. On the other hand, stock-approach model are based on the assumption that the demand and supply of financial assets such as equities and bond will reflect the exchange rate. Stock-approach models can be differentiated into the portfolio monetary model and balance model. The portfolio balance model shows that there exist negative relationship between exchange rate and stock price and that stock prices affect exchange rates (Frankel,1983 ; Branson and Henderson,1985). The expectations of relative exchange rate volatility have a significant impact on price movements of financially held assets. Thus, stock price volatility may influence or be influenced by exchange rate volatility. For example, if Ringgit Malaysia depreciates against foreign currency (for example, the US dollar), it will increase returns of the foreign currency (US dollar). This situation will encourage local investors to move funds from domestic assets (stocks) towards US dollar assets, which is depressing stock prices. Thus, a depreciating in currency value will give negative impact on stock market returns (Adjasi and Biekpe,2005). This models also state that, individuals hold domestic and foreign assets, including currencies, while exchange rates plays the vital role of balancing the demand and supply of the assets. Increasing in the domestic stock prices leads individuals to demand more domestic assets and in order to purchase more domestic assets, local investors have to sell foreign assets since they are relatively less attractive, causing local currency appreciation. Consequently, the relationship between exchange rate and stock price is negative. The study about the relation between exchange rates and stock prices have been explored by many researchers around the world. Soenen and Hennigan (1988) proved that, there are negative correlation between these two variables, exchange rate and stock prices. However, Frank and Young (1972) found no significant relation between these two variables and Jorion (1990) found a moderate relationship between the stock returns of US multinational companies and the effective US dollar exchange rate for the period 1971 to 1987. The analysis of relation between exchange rate and stock prices in US have been made by Bahmani-Oskooee and Sohrabian (1992). Their study found that, there are no long-run relationship among these variables but a dual casual relation in the short-run. Also, Abdalla and Murinde (1997) studied about the relationship between stock price and exchange rates in the emerging financial markets in few countries such as India, Korea, Pakistan and Philippines and they found these t wo variables does not have any significant interaction in India, Korea, and Pakistan. However, in Philippines it is contrary because the reverse causation was found in that country. Besides Bahmani-Oskooee and Sohrabian, Ong and Izan (1999) and Smyth and Nandha (2003) also agreed that there is no long-run relationship between exchange rate and stock price. Relationship between other Macroeconomic Variables and Stock Market Volatility Further, this study also found that, other macroeconomic variables such as interest rate and inflation rate also effected stock market volatility. VECM (Johansen, 1998) was applied to analyze the relationship between Japanese Stock Market and exchange rate, inflation rate, money supply, real economic activity, long-term government bond rate, and call money rate (Mukherjee and Naka, 1995). Their study concluded that there existed co-integrating relation and that stock price contributed to this relation. While, study that have been made by Maysami and Koh (2000) found that changes in short and long term interest rate, inflation, money supply growth, and variation in exchange rate result in a co-integrating relation with changes in economy in Singapore and all these factors affect stock market levels in that country. In related studies, Mao and Kao (1990) revealed that, there is another issue regarding the interaction between stock prices at the macro and micro level. They also found exporting firms stock price become more sensitive to the fluctuation in foreign exchange rates. In their findings on macro level, Ma and Kao revealed that a currency value appreciation give negative impact on domestic economic market for an export-dominant country while it gives positive impact on the domestic stock market for an import-dominant country, which seems to be consistent with good market theory. 2.2.1 Interest Rate Volatility and Stock Return Volatility Chen et.al indicated that interest rate had a positive effect on stock return while Wongbangpo et al(2002) observed interest rate had a negative effect on southeast Asian countries. Rapach et.al(2005) stated that interest rate was the most reliable variable but however, Chen et.al(1998) thought interest rate does not linked to the with stock return. In addition, Jefferis and Okeahalam (2000) proved that stock market in South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Bostwana are negatively influenced by the long-term interest rate when they investigated relationship between stock prices and selected macroeconomic variables. An increase in interest rate will lead to the increase in required rate of return and then will cause the share price to decrease and increasing in interest rate also will effect opportunity costs of holding cash, and this would lead to a reducing in stock prices. French et.al(1987) concluded that the stock returns responded negatively to both the long term and short term interest rates. However, studied that have been made by Allen and Jagtianti (1997) found that the sensitivity of interest rate toward stock returns has decreased dramatically because of invention of interest rate derivatives contracts used for hedging purposes. 2.2.2 Inflation Rate Volatility and Stock Return Volatilty Inflation rate can be defined as the rate of increase of a price index and it also the percentage ratio of change in price level over time. Studies by Fama and Schwert (1977), Chen, Roll and Ross (1986), Nelson (1976) and Jaffe and Mandelker (1976) pointed out a negative correlation between inflation and stock prices. Besides that, the movement in inflation and real output have weak predictive power on volatility of stock market and return (Schwert,1989) while Yaya and Shittu (2010) in their findings stated that the previous inflation rates has significant effect on conditional stock market volatility. These result are in agreement with Fishers effect in international stock market.

Corruption Of The New Orleans Police Department - 904 Words

corruption in the New Orleans Police Department Although police officers take an oath to protect and serve citizens in our society. we have some officers that our corrupt and willing do anything just to protect themselves from being exposed from their unethical behavior. In 1994 three officers from New Orleans police department committed an unspeakable crime murder for hire and a violent drug gang. The killing of Kim grove was thirty-two years old and was gunned down by police officer that were there to protect her instead they killed her. In 1990’s the justice department said that New Orleans was the highest country with complaints of police brutality in 1994 there were than forty officers arrested for bribery, rape, bank robbery and Police corruption has been an issue for many years. Len Davis had worked for the Fifth District with officer Sammy Williams and Paul Hardy as patrolmen. Their salary at that time was $18,000 a year. Davis and his partners took thousands of dollar pleasure trips and took on a leadership role of drug racket getting under table payments to other New Orleans police department recruited to guard warehouse of cocaine (Mustian, 2014). In 1994 officer Len Davis who was thirty years’ old and was accused of conspiring with Paul hardy 27 and Damon causey 24 in the murder of Kim grove that was 32 years old. Kim groves was gunned down on Alabo street a block from her home. According to authority’s Kim grove had made a complaint to the department’sShow MoreRelatedPolice Corruption And The New Orleans Police Department1340 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Corruption in NOLA Growing up our parent always told us that police officers were the good guys, and the people that committed crimes were the bad guys. There was a time in our lives that we believed that this was true, police are good, and criminals are bad, simple as that. 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Learning From Home For A Student - 1404 Words

When evaluating the education system, a student has to be able to pass certain tasks and standards in each subject. The public school system and homeschooling have requirements to further the knowledge of a student to their potential in academics and joining extracurricular activities. Learning from home for a student allows parents to â€Å"understand and provide the best education† based upon how he or she learns (Brown). The education level of the parent should be also considered if they are qualified to teach. However, research has been found that this does not affect the results as students â€Å"do just as well on standardized assessments†(Brown). Clearing the misunderstandings, parents are able to highlight areas their child is lacking and†¦show more content†¦The question is, how does a homeschooled student get involved in such activities? A school board in Massachusetts has been discussing a way for these not enrolled students to get involved. They hop e to raise awareness of the â€Å"importance of extracurricular activities† as it is an opportunity for a student to put it on their college application and â€Å"to learn and to participate†(Burke). Meanwhile, enrolled students’ parents are upset by this matter that â€Å"public school students are displaced† by students â€Å"from the outside† and relate the unfairness of the advantages they hold (Burke). Every student no matter what type of education they receive should be given the same opportunities. It is understandable that the parents have every right to be upset as all parents have the same obligation of providing their child the best to their ability. Although there are mixed reactions of how homeschooling operates its educational purposes, these students are hardworking and only hope to finish their schooling to prepare themselves for college or career like any other student in a public system. In addition, it is during this time in a ch ild’s life where they are exposed to a socially interactive environment. They will discover new situations and their reaction to those around them affect their view of school. In other words, the child may feel emotionally insecure to those around them or more open to others and attempt to conform to what public school offers. Sometimes

Daniel free essay sample

The boy fell into a large hole dug by Mr. Howe in preparation for a tree that had been ordered. The boy broke his arm in the fall. At the hospital a doctor employed there for four years treated the boy. The doctor did not set the boy’s arm because he failed to see on the x-ray and indication that the arm was broken. The arm healed improperly. When the boy kept complaining, his parents took him to the family doctor that discovered the break. The boy had his arm re-broken so that it could be set properly. On these facts, discuss the following: a) Was the boy a trespasser? If so, does this mean that the owner of the land did not owe the boy a duty of care? A legal definition of â€Å"trespasser† is â€Å"one who intentionally and without consent or privilege enters another’s property†. (Black’s Law Dictionary). He likes to talk a lot, but he talks ever so quietly. I just found out recently at my grandpas wedding that Daniel is actually a very intelligent man. He is well educated in history. I found this out when he was talking to an older couple about World War I and II. They carried out a long conversation about history, but Daniel was drinking Jack Daniels and at the time I thought he was just loopy. Drinking has always been a problem in my familys history, but it does what it does. He is a very strange person. My family thinks hes a nut job that needs to be put in an institution. One time at a family reunion, he had his friends drive by the house where we were at and they helped him out of the car in straight jacket. He was also strapped in a cart. When he was helped out of the cart, he left his straight jacket on the entire family reunion. That is why everyone in my entire family thinks he is psycho. His favorite thing to do is to scare my little brother Dylan. Dylan always has to say something to get into trouble. So Daniel will talk about how he will hurt Dylan or how Dylan is going to get killed. I have no clue why he acts the way he does, but I bet my money that its Dylans fault. That is basically why I like my cousin Daniel. He doesnt care what other people will think of him. He likes to make a big scene no matter the place. I like that he scares Dylan a lot. Dylan never will talk to him again.

Community Involvement in Liquor Licensing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Community Involvement in Liquor Licensing. Answer: Introduction: The problem of alcohol-related violence has been at the forefront of agenda in NSW for several years. To align and advocate the law of the NSW government, the local councils create and implement the policies in relation to minimize negative effect of alcohol and alcohol-related issues through the regulation, supervision, and enforcement of distribution of Liquor and Game Machine (LGN, 2013). Therefore, councils and polices are involved with the action to provide consistency among areas of health, social impact, as well as enforcement. While Liquor Act 2007 restricts and regulates the supplies, consumption as well as the sales of alcohol (Department of Industry, 2017), Gaming Machines Act 2001 controls and manages gambling (NSW Legislation, 2017). Both acts were legislated to minimize harm associated with anti-social behavior, and with a goal to ensure all the gaming and liquor related legislation are dealt and decided with efficiency (Department of Industry, 2017). Moreover, they enc ourage responsible liquor and gaming practices to promote amenity of community life (Department of Industry, 2017). In order to achieve its objectives, some of the key elements are addressed, such as licensing requirement, education, liquor accords, treatment of minors, and penalty. While some of the elements are successfully implemented, others are not effective and needed to be modified. To define the effectiveness of these elements, analysis and outcome of these five elements will be addressed. In order to implement the key elements the first being of licensing for Liquor Act 2007, there are six types of liquor licenses which exist in NSW. Most of the licenses have the requirement of being accompanied by a Community Impact Statement (Trifonoff, Andrew, Steenson, Nicholas Roche, 2010). The first being Club License this license is granted only to clubs which have been registered under the Registered Clubs Act 1976. It is allowed to the club under this license to sell for consumption alcohol on and off the premises of the club to their guests and members. Under the Liquor Act 2007 since it was a club that held the club license it as referred to as a corporate license. There had to be a separate license for each of the clubs premises if they occupied more than one set of premises under the Liquor Act 2007. A community impact statement is required for a club license. Another type of license is the Hotel (Including General Bar License) which allows alcohol to be served to general public. However under the Act there are various regulatory controls that are applicable on the hotel license, the first being that it has to be the public to which it is open to and not a private club, the second being that whenever alcohol is served free drinking water has to be given; third being the requirement being of a sign that indicated premise name, liquor license type and licensee name. The fourth being the requirement of an incidents register if the trade of premise continued past midnight and the fifth being that conditions could either be imposed under the LA 2007 or the CLGCA or Director-General, Communities NSW. A limited type of hotel license was the General Bar License, which allowed on premise sale but no take aways. This license also requires a community impact statement. Limited License this allowed sale of alcohol for consumption only in the premises in functions held by not for profit organizations as well as trade fairs and special events. There is no community impact statement required under this license. Another type of license is On-premise License this license can be tailored for business activities of one or more types which include entertainment venue, restaurant, function center, motel and such other such settings where there is consumption of alcohol on the premises. Though this license also requires a community impact statement but only when it's a venue for public entertainment. Packaged Liquor License is another type of license applicable on internet operators who are selling alcohol and liquor stores. This also requires a community impact statement. The final type of license if Producer/Wholesaler License this type of license is for distiller, winemaker, brewer and wholesaler. There is no requirement for community impact statement for this. The Independent Liquor and Gaming Authority with the help of the community impact statement is made aware of the impact that is had by granting of application in a local community. There was study that was commissioned by OLGR in the early 2012 by the Allen Consulting Group (Allen Consulting Group, 2012) into the number of licensed premises cumulative impact particularly with respect to the density of license. As there has been a considerable increase in the licensed premises. In application of license it is important for the authority to be considering the social where the density of license plays a prominent role. Though there have been several studies which have been conducted indicating that higher density of license indicate higher social harm (Stockwell et al., 2005). There are others who do not find any association between two. Allen Group findings were mixed, not entirely successful or unsuccessful when it came to this, the density of license increase was not the only cause of the negative social impacts. Though there was a relationship between violence related to alcohol and density there were various other factors that contributed to it as well (Oxlan d Roulston, 2012). The increase in Liquor License can be observed in a better manner from the image below, it can be observed that there was not a very drastic and thus cannot be stated to be a complete sucess. The liquor law liberalization has made it easier for attaining in NSW the liquor license, thereby enabling that the licensee are able to promote, supply and sell liquor in NSW in a more free manner ("Breaking down barriers Community involvement in liquor licensing decisions in NSW", 2013). As already discussed above there has been a staggering increase in the number of liquor license application and approval in NSW. The Liquor Act 2007 requires responsible service of Alcohol under section 99(2)(c). Meaning thereby education is important for the managers, licensees and other person which include crowd controllers, bar staff and volunteers and they are required to complete RSA training course and hold an RSA certificate ("NSW GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TO THE STATUTORY REVIEW OF THE LIQUOR ACT 2007 AND THE GAMING AND LIQUOR ADMINISTRATION ACT 2007", 2014). The premises are required to keep a register of all the RSA certified employees. This is to be made available to the OLGR inspector or the police officer as and when requested. The Liquor Act 2007 further strengthened the harm minimization aspect of RSA training. It has been made mandatory in NSW to have an RSA training and licensees who employe staff. The penalization for not having employees who are RSA certified is one of the highest which ensures compliance. It has become mandatory in NSW to have RSA training for those who are involved in the suppl y and sale of liquor in public, thus making its implementation more successful (Pratten, 2007). In 2010 the Liquor Act 2007 was amended to include Precinct Liquor Accords and Community Event Liquor Accords. It forms a part of the NSW Governments initiative of hassle free nights as a plan for reducing comprehensively anti-social drunken behavior and alcohol related crime in five primary districts of entertainment in NSW, Manly Sydney Central Business District, Newcastle-Hamilton and Wollongong. The reason for identifying these precincts was because there were significant issues with liquor licensing. By way of accords a wide range of stakeholders are brought together in an attempt to reduce violence related to alcohol and encouraging a safer environment. The impact of this is however successful. There is sufficient evidence of the effectiveness of the strategy of accords in reducing the consumption of alcohol (Trifonoff Nicholas 2008). A general prohibition exists on the supply of liquor to minors below the age of 18 years under the Liquor Act 2007 in a licensed venue. It also in most instances cover private settings as well. For instance there is no specific regulation on parental or adult guidance for minors who are served alcohol in private premises (Weitzman, Folkman, Kerry Lemieux Folkman Wechsler, 2003). As observed below there has been a general reduction in the number of children who have consumed alcohol from 1987 to 2014, indicating that this implementation has been more successful. The Act has become an important driver of change, the government under the Act regulated the supply and sale of liquor. Part 9A sets up a system whereby repeat offenders are put on a path towards disciplinary action. That disciplinary action may include having restrictive special conditions placed upon the licence, disqualification of the licensee, suspension of the licence or even cancellation of the licence. However escalating penalties are required, it is essential to apply penalties for acts such as those involving minors to include cancellation and suspension of liquor license to offence with under Liquor Act 2007 section 117(1). The Gaming and Machines Act 2001 introduced the licensing system for industry participants of the gaming machine industry. This ensured that the persons who were involved in the testing, manufacturing, servicing and supply of gaming machines comply and/or meet with the specified conduct and integrity standards. Sanctions were provided under it for participants who do not meet such standards. This ensures that there is a public record of the venue and persons who have been authorized. In NSW the gaming machine industry is accustomed to licensing (Breen, Hing, Gordon Buultjens, 2012). This allows more effective action which can be taken in case of performance that are inappropriate or if the standards are not met.The approval and application process is streamlined by the integration of the previous two legislations into one Act. It is essential to have a licensing system for ensuring that the legislation's objectives are met. The licensing system benefits the community as a whole and has been quite successful. It is however important that the existing processes around occupational licensing in the environment of gaming machine needs continuous examination with a purpose of streamlining so that the system can be made more administrative. The below Figure shows a considerable decrease in the gaming machine industry since 2009. There are restrictions under the Act that require the venue to provide information to the gambling patrons regarding help-line sources and gaming machine play (van der Maas, 2016). This is done to ensure that there is minimization of harm related to gambling in the community and to the individual's (National Competition Policy, 2003). An informed choice can be made by the consumer on gambling related decision which may moderate gambling behavior that is at risk (National Competition Council, 2000). The concept of making an informed choice is essential for gamblers who are likely to become potential risk. This restriction is essential for minimization of gaming machines related social harms. This aspect of the legislation is providing with net public benefit and has been sucessful. The Act prohibits the involvement of minors in gambling. There is also a limitation that is given under the act with respect to the exposure of minors to those parts of licensed venues where activities related to gaming machine occur (Shaffer Hall, 1996). The opportunity to make profit are denied to hotels and clubs from usage of gaming machines by minors. The capacity to employ minors in operation of gaming machines are denied to hotels and clubs and therefore may lead to labor cost that is considerably higher. This thus minimizes or avoids harm to minor that are related to gambling.This aspect of the legislation is another which is providing with net public benefit and has been sucessful. Conclusively it can be stated that there implementation of these five elements have been made possible by the Liquor Act 2007 and the Gaming Machines Act 2001. However, the implementation may vary for each essential element to another and so would the outcome. Though the society overall benefits from such implementations. References Allen Consulting Group. (2012). Report to the NSW Office of Liquor Gaming Racing. Breaking down barriers Community involvement in liquor licensing decisions in NSW. (2013). Fare.Org. Retrieved 1 August 2017, from https://www.fare.org.au/wp-content/uploads/research/Breaking-Down-Barriers-FINAL.pdf Breen, H., Hing, N., Gordon, A., Buultjens, J. (2012). Meanings of Aboriginal gambling across New South Wales, Australia. International Gambling Studies, 12(2), 243-256. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2012.664158 Local Impact Assessment Review. (2017). Retrieved 29 July 2017, from https://www.liquorandgaming.nsw.gov.au/Documents/public-consultation/Local%20Impact%20Assessment%20Review%20Discussion%20Paper.pdf National Competition Council. (2000). Regulating gambling activity; issues in assessing compliance with National Competition Policy. Melbourne. National Competition Policy. (2003). Review of the NSW Gaming Machines Act 2001. NSW GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TO THE STATUTORY REVIEW OF THE LIQUOR ACT 2007 AND THE GAMING AND LIQUOR ADMINISTRATION ACT 2007. (2014). https://www.liquorandgaming.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 29 July 2017, from https://www.liquorandgaming.nsw.gov.au/Documents/liquor/law-and-policy/GovernmentResponse_StatutoryReview_LA_GALAA.pdf Oxland, J., Roulston, R. (2012). Principles of criminal law in New South Wales. Sydney: Butterworths. Pratten, J. (2007). Responsible Alcohol Service: Ethics and the Licensee. The Service Industries Journal, 27(5), 605-616. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642060701411765 Responsible Service of Alcohol. (2015). liquorandgaming.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 1 August 2017, from https://www.liquorandgaming.nsw.gov.au/Documents/liquor/serving-alcohol-responsibly/rsa_classroom_course.pdf Shaffer, H., Hall, M. (1996). Estimating the prevalence of adolescent gambling disorders: A quantitative synthesis and guide toward standard gambling nomenclature. Journal Of Gambling Studies, 12(2), 193-214. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01539174 Stockwell, T., Young, K., White, J., Humeniuk, R., Young, K., Young, K. et al. (2005). Alcohol misuse and violence. [Canberra]: Australian Government Publishing Service. Trifonoff, A., Andrew, R., Steenson, T., Nicholas, R., Roche, A. (2010). An examination of Liquor Licensing Legislation in Australia as at December 2010. Adelaid: National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction. Trifonoff, A., Nicholas, R. (2008). A compendium of alcohol and other drug-related resources for law enforcement in Australia. Hobart, Tas.: National Drug Law Enforcement Research Fund. van der Maas, M. (2016). Problem gambling, anxiety and poverty: an examination of the relationship between poor mental health and gambling problems across socio-economic status. International Gambling Studies, 16(2), 281-295. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2016.1172651 Weitzman, E., Folkman, A., Kerry Lemieux Folkman, M., Wechsler, H. (2003). The relationship of alcohol outlet density to heavy and frequent drinking and drinking-related problems among college students at eight universities. Health Place, 9(1), 1-6. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-8292(02)00014-x

It/205 Syllabus Essay Example

It/205 Syllabus Essay Management of Information Systems Course Start Date: 12/13/2010 Winter Break: 12/20/10 to 1/3/11 Course End Date: 2/27/2011 Please print a copy of this syllabus for handy reference. Whenever there is a question about what assignments are due, please remember this syllabus is considered the ruling document. Copyright Copyright  ©2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix © is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft ©, Windows ©, and Windows NT © are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix © editorial standards and practices. Welcome to IT/205 MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS This course introduces you to a different world of information technology. This course introduces you to how information technology is managed in business. You will examine the technology concepts included in business systems, networking, and project management, and explore the systems development life cycle. Specific topics for the course include: hardware components, software applications, operating systems, databases, programming, as well as the security, privacy, and safety issues associated with information technology. Facilitator  Information  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cristina Oliver [emailprotected] phoenix. edu  (University of Phoenix) [emailprotected] om  (Personal) 919-617-1420  (EST) Facilitator Availability Greetings Everyone! During the week , Monday to Friday, I am online throughout the day (from 9 am to 9 pm). Please know should you need to contact me outside these times, you should not hesitate to do so. On the weekends I also check the forums frequently. For emergencies, when you are not able to gain access to messages on the Online Learning System (OLS), please send a message to my personal email address. In the event a third party needs to contact me (your spouse, child, parent, etc), please direct them to my contact information. We will write a custom essay sample on It/205 Syllabus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on It/205 Syllabus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on It/205 Syllabus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer No third party should use your login credentials to gain access to the classroom. Facilitator Bio To introduce myself, I am posting my biography in a note in our Chat Room forum. After you have read my bio, please post a bio about yourself. I look forward to getting to know you! Student Technical Support Provides assistance for the Online Learning System and the Student Website Website: https://ecampus. phoenix. edu Email: [emailprotected] edu Phone: (877) 832-4867 Where to Go to Class Main: This is the main forum for the class and is where discussion is conducted. It has read-and-write access for everyone. Chat Room: This is a read-and-write access forum. It is designed as a place to discuss issues not related to the course content. This is the forum to which we will send our bios. Course Materials: This is a read-only forum, which means you can read messages here but cannot send any. This is where I will post the course syllabus (the document you are reading) and other materials. Individual Forum: You will see one forum with your name on it. This is a private forum, shared only by you and me, the facilitator. Your classmates will not have access to this forum. This is where you can post notes to me. You can ask questions here as well. If you have general questions about instructions of assignments, please post those in the Main forum, since other students may benefit by that exchange as well. Assignment Section: This is where you will submit all CheckPoints and Assignments as Microsoft Word attachments. Policies For class policies please see the Policies link on the left side of the Materials page for the course on eCampus. Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within that link. University policies are subject to change so please be sure to read them at the beginning of each class as it may have changed since your last class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities it is important you read the policies governing your current class modality.

Why It Is A Good Idea To Use The Euro Sample For A Long Essay Question

Why It Is A Good Idea To Use The Euro Sample For A Long Essay QuestionThis article will discuss why it is a good idea to use the Euro sample for a long essay question. I'll also discuss some good tips for how to write a Euro essay using this technique.Students should always take an entrance exam in college to show their academic abilities and potential. The entrance exam is typically a long essay test that consists of multiple choice questions. In order to pass the entrance exam, you need to demonstrate that you have the knowledge and skills required to be an effective student.Many students pass the entrance exam in college because they do not fully understand the time constraints and how they impact the way an essay is formatted. Not only do they not fully understand how to format an essay, but they don't know what format to use. The Euro sample is perfect for such an essay because it allows students to learn the formats of a Euro essay.Once you understand how to format an essay, yo u will also be able to understand how to structure it properly. You will also be able to follow a structure that is pre-determined by the grammar rules of the Euro language. A format allows a writer to structure an essay in a logical manner. You will be able to determine where each paragraph begins and ends as well as how many paragraphs the essay will have.Since you are able to follow a format with the Euro sample you will also be able to learn a lot about the basics of English grammar. The Euro sample includes a form that requires the student to put a subject and predicate before a verb. It also requires that students put an object between a subject and verb.After you have taken the Euro test, you can use it as a question in your essay and answer it the way it is designed. Your answer should not only include away to structure the essay but it should include a structure for answering the question. Use the guidelines that are provided to structure your essay and answer the question. This sample contains numerous paragraphs and lists which help students format their essays. If you are having trouble with essay structure, you can use this as a starting point. The only requirement is that you follow the rules that are provided and that you are able to read and understand the instructions.Now that you know why it is a good idea to use the Euro sample for a long essay question, you can begin to begin practicing how to structure your essays. When writing a Euro essay, you will want to start with an introduction paragraph and work your way through the rest of the essay. You can then use the Euro sample to answer the essay question on the last paragraph or you can use the entire sample for your essay.

What is Custom Essay Writing

What is Custom Essay Writing What is Custom Essay Writing? A custom essay writing service supports students who do not have enough time to prepare for and complete essay projects because of their busy school and personal schedules. A custom essay writing service comes in handy to keep students’ grades as well as GPA scores at acceptable levels while they are going through tough times. A custom essay service can help students meet deadlines and eliminate the worry of not doing so. Writing Services to Choose From There are various custom essay writing services online that students all over the world may use. However, all of them are not equal. It is a good idea for students to do a bit of research about a particular writing company and ask questions prior to using their services. It is important that students choose a writing service that is reputable and has professionals on the staff experienced, creative and reliable writers, proofreaders, and editors. To choose a service you can trust to the fullest, one has to apply a lot of efforts and spend a lot of time. It is not only important to make sure they are able to produce the papers you need but also to revise the price policy, testimonials, recommendations, etc. Placing Essay Writing Requests It is a fact that most students using a custom essay service for the first time are unfamiliar with the process of placing an order. Reputable essay writing services will provide complete details about the ordering process on their website and will have a well-written Frequently Asked Questions section for students to refer to. Also, there should be a customer service team available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week if the writing service is competitive and committed to assisting. You may think that it is an additional option to search for a service that operates 24/7. Imagine that you have come home late yet want the service to let you know something concerning your order or ask the writer for revisions, but it is closed, and you have to wait until the next day. Uncomfortable, right? Benefits of Using a Writing Service Writing an essay is not an all that easy task, as it is a complex process that includes choosing an essay topic, conducting extensive research after finding qualified academic sources, organizing the information, developing an outline, writing the essay content, formatting an essay according to an assigned academic style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, etc.) as well as proofing and editing an essay for clarity. This process can take much time to complete, and it also requires a certain level of expertise. Using a custom essay writing service takes this process off the students’ shoulders. Many students have improved their grades and saved their GPAs from destruction by ordering custom essays. Assignments are handled by competent writers from a team of experienced essay writers well-versed in all academic disciplines such as high school, undergraduate, Masters, and PhD. In addition, using a writing service saves valuable time and eliminates the worry of creating a suitable paper as assigned. As well, most professional writing services offer a money-back guarantee, plagiarism-free papers, and complete confidentiality. Moreover, the ordering process is easy. Just visit the website of the custom essay writing service and follow their prompts to register your account and place an order.

The Animal Usage in Scientific Experiments Term Paper - 7

The Animal Usage in Scientific Experiments - Term Paper Example One of the most significant advantages supporting scientific research using animals is the fact that it leads to the invention of fundamental medical solutions. For instance, the germ theory emerged by use of anthrax introduction to sheep. Further, in the treatment of diabetes, insulin was isolated from a dog, which led to the discovery of its treatment. Hormone discovery emerged from the use of dog experiments by Bayliss. This would have been impossible had scientists not experimented on animals. Animal-based scientific study is also the best choice amongst known research alternatives. For example, although computers are known to be amongst the most intelligent of machines, they have not been able to fit in as alternatives which could operate on their own. This is due to their inability to function as live organs in living things as well as their inability to model the interaction between inner and outer environments. The use of rodents such as the rat reflects a ninety-nine percent match to human genes. The results obtained from the experiments match what would happen in a human being, only with a difference of little magnitude (Abbott 146). Further scientific research on animals is advantageous since it plays a significant role in advancing genetic and biological knowledge. In genetics, animals benefit from the experiments. This is evident from the fact that genetic modifications make it possible for the improvement of animals; in the sense that they receive valuable traits for adaptation to their environments. They are also improved in terms of productivity. In addition, genetics research also assists in the advancement of tissue repair, which is useful to patients suffering from major injuries that necessitate reconstruction. According to scientists, animals lack consciousness thus do not suffer as much as a pain as humans. This means that experiential research on animals is more feasible than subjecting humans to the same form of research. Additionally, not only live animals are used in research, but also dead ones. Scientists also inject the research animals with anesthesia, thus relieving them of pain.

Maya Society was an example of a great civilisation. Discuss the Essay

Maya Society was an example of a great civilisation. Discuss the various aspects of this civilisation - Essay Example Despite having such powers she would never be given the title of Mah Kina (Hill, 1732). Many historians after closely studying history and different civilizations have come to conclusion that Mayans as a society were native cultured people belonging to Northern part of America. As a civilization or populations and resources, they occupied a terrain of an estimate sixty thousand square miles. This also included Southern Mexico, adjacent segment of Northern Guatemala. Mayan society: the Mayans were the most important of the cultured native peoples of North America, both in the degree of their civilization and in population and resources, formerly occupying a territory of about 60,000 square miles, including the whole of the peninsula of Guatemala and Yucatan. However it is to be noted that majority population always resided in same region outside large cities. As other tribes, Maya also had important tribes which formed strength of whole nation. Key tribes were Quiche and Cakchiquel of Guatemala. Each tribe part of Maya society held high cultural values. In North America Maya were being most advanced civilization and also most prehistoric. Despite being so prestigious, their numbers are estimated to be around two million approximately (Andrien, 814). If analyzing Maya civilization culturally, they could be segmented into three sections, i.e. south, north and central. It was the southern region where first signs of Maya civilization could be traced back. Izapa carvings reflect Gods that were antecedents of classic deities and at and at Kaminaljuyu glyphs on stelea indicates the signs of origination of Maya writing system. Olmec influence could be clearly traced in this area when historians studied it. Southern lowlands from Tabasco lying in northwest to Belize all made up the central region. While southern region constituted of Guatemalas Motagua River region. Along River and throughout the Peten Maya civilization flourished due

Essay about a Poem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

About a Poem - Essay Example emplation as young, Black student in the midst of a relatively Caucasian educational institution and the contention of the equality between him and his professor. The persona of the poem speaks of how he perceives himself as the same as of any other individual his age or otherwise. He starts with the fact of his cognizance of his aesthetic difference and how he is apart from all the others around him, being the only Black student in his class. It paints of the picture of the school and its close proximity but otherwise vague disconnect with Harlem. But with the college’s discord amplifying his intimacy with the place and how it represents him, and how he must represent it. It ropes in the simple intricacies that add up and defines us as who we are as human beings. Mundane things the poetic persona expresses like ‘to eat, sleep, drink, and be in love’ How these are the same for him as it is for all the others around him, including his professor, this in his mind makes all of them equal, regardless of the color of their skin. The perception of the polar opposition between the white paper and the black ink gives much of the vivid detail that makes the poem as refine in the rendering of the underlying tone that it extends. He is what and who he is, and being so, the negation of what his paper will not be leads to his realization of what it is. In the course of his reflection he discerned the reality of being. The veritable connections that make the student and the professor equal, that constitutes why they are one and the same. And that is the fact that they are both Americans. Known for his political dynamism through his literary works, Hughes wrote the poem during a time when American history was at the threshold of a landmark revolution that ultimately led to the realization of the Civil Rights Movement. A developmental change that he has in many ways has become an integral part of. His works include contentious political tones that articulate race

Big Brothers Essay -- essays research papers

Becoming a mentor can have a tremendous impact on the life of a youngster. Children need someone to look up to that doesn’t necessarily need be a part of their immediate family. Sometimes they have no siblings, or maybe their siblings or parents are busy. Perhaps they have no grandparents to do things with. These children are the ones that spend their afternoons in crowded after school programs where they may not get the attention the crave. This may lead to isolation and oppositely over hyperactive children starved for attention. In other cases, some children who are not so fortunate as to be offered after-school programs are subject to the world outside all on their own. In too many cases, these are the children that become statistics. These are the children who turn to drugs or crime, be it out of fear, or simply to feel accepted. Accepted in the wrong crowds still may comfort a lonely child. One of the most renowned mentoring agencies is a non-profit organization called big brothers/ big sisters of America. A man who saw a young boy sifting through the trash for food created this establishment over 90 years ago. He took the boy home, fed him, and then met his poverty-stricken family. From that point on, he became a mentor to the little boy, and this inspired him to form the organization for other boys, and in following years, a group of Christian women created a program for little girls. The soon joined forces and became the big brothers and big sisters of America. I...

Management and Workbook Process Essay

As a leading pioneer in outdoor retailing and a company at the forefront of the movement for environmental sustainability, we write this letter in response to your request to evaluate your current Workbook Process and appraise the advantages as well as the drawbacks to the system. We are not in favour of the current Workbook Process for reasons that we will list for you. We feel that a company with such a reputation as Patagonia, Inc., needs to adopt a less sophisticated but progressive system. MAIN FINDINGS With the research we carried out it was very clear and apparent to us that the Workbook Process was ineffective. However, it did open up communication among employees, and it also encouraged employees to share their ideas with some upper level management. We do feel that the process can be improved upon. OVERVIEW OF THE WORKBOOK PROCESS The Patagonia Workbook Process in our view was designed to make information about the company’s planning, budgeting and quality improvement flow more fluently amongst all the employees. The Process was also designed to encourage the employees to take a more active role in the company’s planning, operating review and decision making process. We will start our analysis by critiquing and listing what we feel are major concerns of the workbook process. CONCERNS OF THE WORKBOOK PROCESS * The Process of sharing information could weaken the managers’ powerbase, because selective disclosure of information can be used to control and to manipulate employees to do their work. * Expensive system because training is required for the employees to learn and to understand the system. In addition, training is time consuming. * The poor deliverance of financial information, due to the fact that some employees did not want to participate in the Process. * The one to two months lag behind of paperwork. Thus information was never relevant for that specific time period. * Large proportion of employees refused to engage in the Process because they found it tedious. * The plan was not accepted by all levels of management. * The Workbook Process focuses mainly on planning in advance for the longer term rather than on a day by day basis. * The Workbook Process had difficulty in judging environment, quality and distribution objectives, which are crucial success factors for Patago nia, Inc. * The Workbook Process is very complex and time consuming. The level of planning and the enormous amount of meetings needed to discuss company plans leaves very little time for constructive work to be done. * The Process could be limiting in the sense that it does not promote innovations; if anything it encourages people to just stick to a set plan and nothing else. * The profit sharing plan that was introduced was not based on merit; it was just allocated in equal percentages of the base salary. On the contrary, the workbook process also has some benefits. Although, the concerns outweigh the benefits, it is for your benefit and to give you a better perspective of the Process. BENEFITS OF THE WORKBOOK PROCESS * The Workbook Process has been significantly embraced amongst the employees at Patagonia, Inc. * A significant amount of the employees feel that the Process is worthwhile and that it has given everyone an opportunity to bond; and also optimized better solutions for the company. * The Workbook Process being a much longer term strategy can detect problems or issues before they arise, which is a more proactive approach, rather than waiting for an issue to arise before it gets attended to. * The Workbook Process gave a chance for employees at the top of the hierarchy a better understanding of what lower ranked employees where up to, therefore it created an atmosphere whereby everyone was interested in what was happening within the company. EVALUATION On the basis of our evaluation, we would like to recommend that Patagonia, Inc. discontinues with the Workbook Process. We are of the view that the Process has served its intended purpose. The Process has worked in the sense that it has educated the employees on how the company operates and how their jobs interface with each other. A control system is applied to ensure that an organization strategy is implemented which is not the case with the Workbook Process. The Workbook Process focuses on long term rather than looking at each scenario as it arises. In looking back at the time dedicated to achieving company objectives is lacking, which we feel is a key component of the future success of the company. A value driver is an objective which can indicate future success. An example would include product design, quality and design, quality and customer service, which are all qualities that Patagonia, Inc. values. MAIN RECOMENDATIONS AND MODIFICATION Our recommended replacement for the Workbook Process is a Balanced Scorecard. A Balanced Scorecard is a less sophisticated and more grounded evaluation method. A Balanced Scorecard not only focuses on financial but also non-financial contributors to the success of the company. Management can set objectives that involve different areas of the business. For example the production and distribution could qualify as efficiency objectives, research and development would focus on innovations, and the human resources would look after the quality of life for the employees. We are of a strong view that these aspects are key elements to the success of the company. The Balanced Scorecard will not guarantee success for Patagonia, Inc. but, we see it as a step in the right direction. The Balanced Scorecard does have some drawbacks as well as advantages. The drawbacks are, a Balanced Scorecard can add a new type of reporting without necessarily improving quality or financial numbers; it could be viewed as a non-value adding report method and a distraction for achieving actual goals. One more disadvantage is that Balanced Scorecard goals are easy to reach but hard to quantify. The advantages of the Balance Scorecard are that, it caters for employees who are both financially and non-financially literate, a Balanced Scorecard is less technical and easier to understand, and the last advantage is that the Balanced Scorecard is less time consuming and will allow workers to focus more on their real tasks. CONCLUSION In concluding, we feel that the time and effort required to keep the Workbook Process operational are too costly. The staff within the organization are only partially committed, which in our view is causing complications with the success of the Workbook Process. The level of training required is exhaustive. The employees who are not financially literate regardless of how much training they receive might never fully grasp the concepts of the Workbook Process. When an organization focuses all its efforts on financial results, other tasks that cannot be measured objectively are neglected. We hope that you will take all of our advice and recommendations into consideration and, we wish you and Patagonia, Inc. all the success in your future endeavours.